Strait of Hormuz disruptions from U.S.-Israeli war with Iran threaten 20% of global oil supply. Alternative pipelines exist—Saudi East-West, UAE Habshan-Fujairah, Iraq-Turkey Kirkuk-Ceyhan, and Iran’s Goreh-Jask—but face capacity, security, and political hurdles.
Strait of Hormuz blockade spurs search for oil bypass routes
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